Verb Forms in English Grammar: Rules, Types & Examples
Verb Forms
अधिकतर Verbs के पाँच रूप होते हैं—
V1 Verb का Infinitive Form
जैसे— go, eat, run, laugh, dance, etc.
V2 Verb का Past Tense Form
जैसे— went, ate, ran, laughed, etc.
V3 Verb का Past Participle Form
जैसे— gone, eaten, laughed, broken, etc.
V4 Verb का Present Participle (-ing) Form
जैसे— going, eating, laughing, breaking, etc.
V5 Verbका -s/es form
जैसे— goes, eats, runs, laughs, does, etc.
कुछ Verbs के पाँचों रूपों को देखें—
V1 V2 V3 V4 V5
go went gone going goes
eat ate eaten eating eats
run ran run running runs
sleep slept slept sleeping sleeps
cut cut cut cutting cuts
1. इन पाँच रूपों को ध्यान से देखने पर पता चलता है कि Verb का मूल रूप V1 है। उसमें -ing जोड़ने से V4 और -s/es जोड़ने से V5 प्राप्त होता है। जैसे—
V1 V4 V5
go going goes
eat eating eats
laugh laughing laughs
read reading reads
cut cutting cuts
2. अधिकतर Verbs ऐसे हैं जिनके V2 और V3 का निर्माण V1 में d/ed suffix जोड़कर किया जाता है । इनके V2 और V3 same होते हैं। जैसे—
V1 V2 V3
laugh laughed laughed
work worked worked
help helped helped
walk walked walked
play played played
3. कुछ Verbs ऐसे हैं जिनके V2 और V3 same होते हैं । जैसे—
V1 V2 V3
buy bought bought
bring brought brought
make made made
sell sold sold
play played played
4. कुछ Verbs ऐसे हैं जिनके V1, V2 और V3 same होते हैं । जैसे—
V1 V2 V3
cut cut cut
put put put
shut shut shut
cost cost cost
hurt hurt hurt
5. कुछ Verbs ऐसे हैं जिनके V2 और V3 भिन्न होते हैं । V2 और V3 forms को याद रखना पड़ता है। जैसे—
V1 V2 V3
eat ate eaten
go went gone
take took taken
write wrote written
know knew known
यहाँ कुछ प्रमुख Verbs के V1, V2, V3, V4 और V5 Forms दिए जा रहे हैं। अँगरेजी भाषा सीखने के लिए इन्हें आप हमेशा याद रखें, इनके बिना अँगरेजी सीखना संभव नहीं है ।
(V1) (V2) (V3) (V4) (V5)
abuse (गाली देना) abused abused abusing abuses
advise (सलाह देना) advised advised advising advises
answer (उत्तर देना) answered answered answering answers
arise (उठना) arose arisen arising arises
arrive (पहुँचना) arrived arrived arriving arrives
ask (पूछना) asked asked asking asks
be (होना) was been being —
beat (पीटना) beat beaten beating beats
become (होना) became become becoming becomes
beg (भीख माँगना) begged begged begging begs
begin (आरंभ करना) began begun beginning begins
bind (बाँधना) bound bound binding binds
bless (आशीर्वाद देना) blessed blessed blessing blesses
blow (बहना) blew blown blowing blows
break (तोड़ना) broke broken breaking breaks
bring (लाना) brought brought bringing brings
build (बनाना) built built building builds
burn (जलना, जलाना) burnt burnt burning burns
buy (खरीदना) bought bought buying buys
call (पुकारना) called called calling calls
carry (ढोना) carried carried carrying carries
catch (पकड़ना) caught caught catching catches
cheat (ठगना) cheated cheated cheating cheats
clean (साफ करना) cleaned cleaned cleaning cleans
climb (चढ़ना) climbed climbed climbing climbs
close (बंद करना) closed closed closing closes
come (आना) came come coming comes
cook (भोजन पकाना) cooked cooked cooking cooks
creep (रेंगना) crept crept creeping creeps
cry (चिल्लाना) cried cried crying cries
cut (काटना) cut cut cutting cuts
dance (नाचना) danced danced dancing dances
deal (बर्ताव करना) dealt dealt dealing deals
die (मरना) died died dying dies
dig (खोदना) dug dug digging digs
do (करना) did done doing does
draw (खींचना) drew drawn drawing draws
dream (स्वप्न देखना) dreamt dreamt dreaming dreams
drink (पीना) drank drunk drinking drinks
drive (चलाना) drove driven driving drives
drop (गिराना) dropped dropped dropping drops
dry (सुखाना) dried dried drying dries
eat (खाना) ate eaten eating eats
elect (चुनना) elected elected electing elects
enter (प्रवेश करना) entered entered entering enters
fall (गिरना) fell fallen falling falls
feed (खिलाना) fed fed feeding feeds
feel (महसूस करना) felt felt feeling feels
fight (लड़ना) fought fought fighting fights
find (पाना) found found finding finds
flee (भागना) fled fled fleeing flees
fly (उड़ना, उड़ाना) flew flown flying flies
forget (भूलना) forgot forgotten forgetting forgets
fry (तलना) fried fried frying fries
get (पाना) got got getting gets
give (देना) gave given giving gives
go (जाना) went gone going goes
grow (उपजना, उपजाना) grew grown growing grows
hang (लटकाना) hung hung hanging hangs
hang (फाँसी देना) hanged hanged hanging hangs
have (रखना) had had having —
hear (सुनना) heard heard hearing hears
help (मदद करना) helped helped helping helps
hide (छिपाना) hid hidden hiding hides
hit (चोट करना) hit hit hitting hits
hold (पकड़ना) held held holding holds
hope (आशा करना) hoped hoped hoping hopes
hurt (चोट पहुँचाना) hurt hurt hurting hurts
jump (कूदना) jumped jumped jumping jumps
keep (रखना) kept kept keeping keeps
kill (मार डालना) killed killed killing kills
know (जानना) knew known knowing knows
laugh (हँसना) laughed laughed laughing laughs
lead (नेतृत्व करना) led led leading leads
leap (कूदना) leapt leapt leaping leaps
learn (सीखना) learnt learnt learning learns
leave (छोड़ना) left left leaving leaves
lend (उधार देना) lent lent lending lends
live (रहना) lived lived living lives
look (देखना) looked looked looking looks
lose (खोना) lost lost losing loses
love (प्यार करना) loved loved loving loves
make (बनाना) made made making makes
marry (शादी करना) married married marrying marries
meet (मिलना) met met meeting meets
mistake (गलती करना) mistook mistaken mistaking mistakes
open (खोलना) opened opened opening opens
pay (चुकाना) paid paid paying pays
play (खेलना) played played playing plays
put (रखना) put put putting puts
quarrel (झगड़ना) quarrelled quarrelled quarrelling qurrels
rain (वर्षा होना) rained rained raining rains
reach (पहुँचना) reached reached reaching reaches
read-रीड (पढ़ना) read-रेड read-रेड reading reads
remember (याद करना) remembered remembered remembering remembers
ride (सवारी करना) rode ridden riding rides
ring (बजना, बजाना) rang rung ringing rings
rise (उठना, उगना) rose risen rising rises
run (दौड़ना) ran run running runs
say (कहना) said said saying says
see (देखना) saw seen seeing sees
sell (बेचना) sold sold selling sells
send (भेजना) sent sent sending sends
set (अस्त हो जाना) set set setting sets
show (दिखाना) showed showed showing shows
shut (बंद करना) shut shut shutting shuts
sing (गाना) sang sung singing sings
sink (डूबना) sank sunk sinking sinks
sleep (सोना) slept slept sleeping sleeps
smell (सूँघना) smelt smelt smelling smells
speak (बोलना) spoke spoken speaking speaks
spend (खर्च करना) spent spent spending spends
stand (खड़ा होना) stood stood standing stands
start (रवाना होना) started started starting starts
stay (ठहरना) stayed stayed staying stays
steal (चुराना) stole stolen stealing steals
study (अध्ययन करना) studied studied studying studies
swim (तैरना) swam swum swimming swims
take (लेना) took taken taking takes
talk (बात करना) talked talked talking talks
teach (पढ़ाना) taught taught teaching teaches
tear (फाड़ना) tore torn tearing tears
tell (कहना) told told telling tells
thank (धन्यवाद देना) thanked thanked thanking thanks
think (सोचना) thought thought thinking thinks
throw (फेंकना) threw thrown throwing throws
try (कोशिश करना) tried tried trying tries
understand (समझना) understood understood understanding understands
use (प्रयोग करना) used used using uses
walk (टहलना) walked walked walking walks
want (चाहना) wanted wanted wanting wants
wash (धोना) washed washed washing washes
weep (रोना) wept wept weeping weeps
win (जीतना) won won winning wins
work (काम करना) worked worked working works
write (लिखना) wrote written writing writes
EXERCISE 40
Direction Write down the V1, V2, V3, V4 and V5 forms of the following verbs—
ask, beat, break, buy, come, do, fall, feel, grow, hope, learn, put, read, see, sell, set, hit, open, stand, tell, weep, steal.
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