Changing into Negative Sentences Rules, Examples & Practice
Changing into Negative
Affirmative Sentence को Negative बनाने के लिए निम्नलिखित कुछ प्रमुख नियम हैं—
1. am, is, are, was, were, shall, will, do, does, did, can, could, may, might, must, should, would, ought इत्यादि auxiliaries के बाद प्राय: not लगाकर वाक्य को Negative बनाया जाता है । जैसे—
Affirmative Negative
I am ready. I am not ready.
We are students. We are not students.
He will come. He will not come.
You should go. You should not go.
She was playing. She was not playing.
We shall be walking. We shall not be walking.
I have been reading. I have not been reading.
2. have, has और had के बाद कहीं ‘not' लगता है तो कहीं ‘no’। अतः आपको इस संबंध में विशेष ध्यान देने की जरूरत है ।
(a) जब have/has/had के तुरत बाद इनमें से कुछ भी हो, तो वाक्य को Negative बनाने के लिए have / has/had के बाद not लगाएँ—
(i) V3 —eaten, gone, slept, played, etc.
(ii) Article—a, an, the
(iii) संख्यासूचक शब्द—one, two, ....... any, many, etc.
(IV) परिमाणसूचक शब्द—much, any, some, etc.
Affirmative Negative
I have eaten. I have not eaten.
You had slept. You had not slept.
I have a cow. I have not a cow.
I have an orange. I have not an orange.
We have two cars. We have not two cars.
They have many pens. They have not many pens.
You have much milk. You have not much milk.
(b) जब have/has / had के तुरत बाद Noun या Adjective of Quality (good, red, etc) रहता है, तब have / has/had के बाद no लगाने से वाक्य Negative Sentence में परिवर्तित हो जाता है । जैसे—
Affirmative Negative
She has ink. She has no ink.
She has black ink. She has no black ink.
They had cows. They had no cows.
I have new pens. I have no new pens.
3. eat, laugh, go, read इत्यादि Lexical Verbs (Ordinary Verbs) हैं। जब ये Present Indefinite Tense में प्रयुक्त रहते हैं, तब इनके पहले do not/ does not लगाकर वाक्यों को Negative Sentences में परिवर्तित किया जाता है। और, इस परिस्थिति में अगर Lexical Verbs में पहले से -s या -es लगा रहता है, तो वह -s या -es लुप्त हो जाता है । अर्थात्, Negative Sentences के Structures इस प्रकार हो जाते हैं—
I/We/You/They / Plural Noun + do not + V1.
He/She/It/Singular Noun + does not + V1.
Affirmative Negative
I read. I do not read.
He reads. He does not read.
The cow eats. The cow does not eat.
The cows eat. The cows do not eat.
Ram plays. Ram does not play.
Note: do not/does not लगाने के बाद V का ही प्रयोग होता है, अर्थात् main verb में -s/es नहीं जुड़ता है।
4. जब वाक्यों में Lexical Verbs का Simple Past Tense यानी went, ate, laughed इत्यादि प्रयुक्त रहता है, तब did not का प्रयोग कर वाक्यों को Negative Sentences में परिवर्तित किया जाता है । और, इस परिस्थिति में Lexical Verbs का V2 form, V1 form में परिवर्तित हो जाता है । जैसे—
Affirmative Negative
Subject + V2. Subject + did not + V1.
I went. I did not go.
He laughed. He did not laugh.
They did it. They did not do it.
The teacher taught us. The teacher did not teach us.
EXERCISE 45
Direction: Change the following into negative sentences.
Examples:
(a) I can solve. Ans. — I cannot solve.
(b) I have gold. Ans. — I have no gold.
(c) He has come. Ans. — He has not come.
(d) The boy weeps. Ans. — The boy does not weep.
(e) They laughed. Ans. — They did not laugh.
1. I am a farmer.
2. You are honest.
3. They were absent.
4. She will come soon.
5. We shall win the match.
6. You can defeat him.
7. It should be done.
8. You must go there.
9. He would come.
10. Ram is a poor farmer.
11. He is coming today.
12. She was dancing there.
13. He was beaten.
14. She must be a queen.
15. I shall be a doctor.
16. I have eaten.
17. He has been ill.
18. They had reached.
19. She has a car.
20. My son had an inkwell.
21. The boy has six books.
22. The beggar had rice.
23. I have much gold.
24. They had two horses.
25. She has cows.
26. He had fever.
27. They have water.
28. I have good horses.
29. I have a good horse.
30. I have three good horses.
31. The boy has honesty.
32. We have freedom.
33. I have love for him.
34. She has golden watches.
35. They have good wine.
36. She will have peace.
37. My father had a red car.
38. My father had red cars.
39. She had blue eyes.
40. She has black ink.
EXERCISE 46
Direction: Change the following into negative sentences.
Examples:
(a) I know him. Ans. — I do not know him.
(b) She knows him. Ans. — She does not know him.
(c) Ram went there. Ans. — Ram did not go there.
(d) They laughed at me. Ans. — They did not laugh at me.
1. I love her.
2. We love India.
3. You know him.
4. She cares for you.
5. He reads at night.
6. Ram knows English.
7. His brothers love him.
8. The players came in time.
9. She can sing a song.
10. I have toys.
11. The poor man had a cat.
12. They have been absent.
13. They play football.
14. The boys go to school.
15. He came yesterday.
16. I did the work.
17. She loved me.
18. They ploughed the field.
19. He helped the beggar.
20. The teacher taught us.
21. My mother gave me sweets.
22. She had been playing.
23. They will be playing.
24. I shall have played.
25. He is trying to do.
26. I am to read.
27. He has to work.
28. It will be done.
29. She is being taught.
30. I was taught.
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